PENGARUH FREKUENSI SUBKULTUR KALUS TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERTUNAS DAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK BIBIT BERDASARKAN PENANDA RAPD

• Main Authors: , Rulita Puspitasari, , Dr. Ir. Taryono, M.Sc
• Format: Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed
• Published: [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 2014
• Subjects: ETD
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/128505/; http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=68854

In vitro culture technique offers unique opportunity to create the genetic variability which called somaclonal variation. The aims of this study are determine the effect of frequency of callus subculture on plant regeneration and genetic stability of sugarcane clones. The influence of frequency of callus subculture for regeneration ability among sugarcane clones (BZ 121, Q 81, Q 83, and Kentung) were evaluated, with treatment of callus subculture frequency were 0 (S0), 1 (S1), 2 (S2), 3 (S3), 4 (S4), and 5 (S5). The sliced tissue from young leaves roll (5 mm) were used as explants. MS containing 3 mg/l 2,4-D medium was used for callus induction, mass of callus were maintained by subculturing every 4 weeks with MS containing 3 mg/l 2,4-D medium and regenerated in MS containing 2 mg/l IAA + 2 mg/l IBA + 2 mg/l Kinetin medium. After 8 weeks regenerated, sugarcane plantlets subcultured in MS containing 2 mg/l NAA rooting medium. The regeneration of callus among sugarcane clones (BZ 121, Q 81, Q 83, and Kentung) decreased after third subculture and no shoots regenerate on fourth callus subculture. Genetic variation in sugarcane clones were vary depending on interaction with subculture frequency. Based on RAPD markers, there were different increased on genetic variability among clones. The percentage of polimorphic of BZ 121 was the lowest, whereas Q 81 was the higest. Based on subculture frequency, genetic variability of first subculture was the lowest, whereas direct regeneration was the higest.