Illuminating the Molecular Intricacies of Exosomes and ncRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases: Prospective Therapeutic and Biomarker Potential

• Main Authors: Farheen Badrealam Khan, -, Shahab Uddin, -, Abozer Y. Elderdery, -, Khang Wen Goh, -, Long Chiau Ming, -, Chrismawan Ardianto, -, Abdul Rasheed Palakot, -, Irfa Anwar, -, Mohsina Khan, -, Mohammad Owais, -, Chih-Yang Huang, -, Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam, -, Meraj Alam Khan, -, Shoaib, -, Md Khursheed, -, Sara Reshadat, -, Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani, -, Sameer Mirza, -, Abbas A. Khaleel, -, Mohammed Akli Ayoub, -
• Format: Article PeerReviewed
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2022
• Subjects: R Medicine; RS Pharmacy and materia medica; RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica; RS200-201 Pharmaceutical dosage forms
• Online Access: https://repository.unair.ac.id/125220/1/Artikel%20C-36.pdf; https://repository.unair.ac.id/125220/2/%28C-36%29%20Kualitas%20Karil.pdf; https://repository.unair.ac.id/125220/3/Similarity%20C-36.pdf; https://repository.unair.ac.id/125220/; https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/22/3664; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11223664

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Accumulating evidences have highlighted the importance of exosomes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cardiac physiology and pathology. It is in general consensus that exosomes and ncRNAs play a crucial role in the maintenance of normal cellular function; and interestingly it is envisaged that their potential as prospective therapeutic candidates and biomarkers are increasing rapidly. Considering all these aspects, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent understanding of exosomes and ncRNAs in CVDs. We provide a great deal of discussion regarding their role in the cardiovascular system, together with providing a glimpse of ideas regarding strategies exploited to harness their potential as a therapeutic intervention and prospective biomarker against CVDs. Thus, it could be envisaged that a thorough understanding of the intricacies related to exosomes and ncRNA would seemingly allow their full exploration and may lead clinical settings to become a reality in near future.