VARIASI GENETIK DAN IDENTIFIKASI Usnea spp. BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGIS DAN MOLEKULAR
Lichen is an outstanding successful group of symbiotic organisms, which comprise the strand of algae partner (phycobiont) and fungal partner (mycobiont). Lichen of the genus Usnea are used as a traditional herbal remedies. This genus has the thallus which is very similar among species, so it is very...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed |
| Published: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://repository.ugm.ac.id/130994/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=71430 |
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| Summary: | Lichen is an outstanding successful group of symbiotic organisms, which
comprise the strand of algae partner (phycobiont) and fungal partner (mycobiont).
Lichen of the genus Usnea are used as a traditional herbal remedies. This genus
has the thallus which is very similar among species, so it is very difficult to
distinguish. Based on morphological character, identification of species in
Indonesia is still limited. Morphological characters is can be used to identify in
family and genus only. The molecular character based on Internal Transcribed
Spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences which has conserved region (5.8S) and varied
region (ITS1 and ITS2 ) is needed to strengthen and support the identification and
phylogenetic analysis. The objective of this research was to identify and make
phylogenetic analysis of Usnea species from the forest of Gunung Lawu (LW),
Center Java and Turgo (T), Yogyakarta.
Identification had been conducted based on morphological characters,
anatomical, microchemistry, and microcrystals. ITS rDNA sequence was analyzed
by Bioedit software, cutting of the sequence based on chromatogram was
analyzed using DNA Baser, BLAST to determine the level of homology,
sequences alignment samples was analyzed using Clustal-X, nucleotide similarity
with Phydit and clustering (phylogeny tree reconstruction) was constructed with
Maximum Likelihood (ML), the model of evolution Kimura-2 parameter with the
bootstrap 1000 on MEGA-5.05.
It was found 7 species from 16 of the morphotype based on morphological
characters, U. pectinata (LW3), U. rubrotincta (LW4),U. himalayana (LW1,
LW2, LW5, LW11), U. fragilescens (LW6, LW9), U. nidifica (LW8,LW10),
U. baileyi (LW7,T1,T3), and U. bismolliuscula (T2,T4,T5), while based on ITS
rDNA is identified only 6 species, U. pectinata and U. baileyi was identified as
the same species, U. baileyi. Dendogram based on morphological character
showed that U. pectinata was closely related to U. bismolliuscula, U. rubrotincta
was closely related to U. fragilescens, U. himalayana was closely related to
U. nidifica, and U. baileyi distantly related to Usnea was found. Topology of the
phylogenetic based on ITS rDNA sequences showed that the clade of subgenus
Usnea, U. himalayana was closely related to U. nidifica, U. bismolliuscula was
more closely related to U. rubrotincta than U. fragilescens, and the clade of
subgenus Eumitria, U. pectinata was closely related to U. baileyi.
Key words: lichen, Usnea, ITS rDNA, morphological, phylogenetics |
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